都市運輸規劃：新北市中和青年住宅參訪

土木四　Adrian Adhi Tjandra (曾冠文)

Last Wednesday, we got the opportunity to visit a youth social housing in Zhonghe District, New Taipei City. I think the location is pretty convenient because there are both bus stations and YouBike stations nearby. Also, the speaker said that there will be a new MRT line that will go through near that area. As soon as we arrived, I didn’t expect the building to be that huge, and it looks luxurious. Even the lobby is pretty and huge (image below). This clearly shows how serious the government is to make this program successful and attract people to live there. There, we were guided to the presentation room first where we will be explained about the program and the building itself.

At first, I thought that a lot of people must have wanted to live in here, since judging by the building, the rooms themselves must be pretty as well. As it turns out, they have some requirements (like working in the area, must be Taiwanese, etc.) to be met and a lottery at the end. When they showed us the pricing, I think it’s pretty cheap (7000 NTD as the cheapest one with one room), in that area, and that made me wonder what do the rooms look like. The speaker also mentioned that after the building has become operational, home prices around that area has increased by 10%. While I do not know how it became like that, it indeed is a good thing, and people will support this program. If I do not get it wrong, by the way, I saw it I think this program’s primary objective is to provide a lovely home for newlyweds or family that have low income and retirees that have little savings. It was also mentioned that security is also an important concern since there are a lot of old people living in the facility, but I guess the environment looks safe and hopefully it will stay that way so the program could continue.

After that, we were shown the facilities like the gym, playroom, and they even have a cooking class. As expected, the rooms are nice and simplistic. It is not that luxurious (considering the price), but the important things are all there. As you can see in the pictures below, all of the necessary facilities are there; they are clean, much better and more prominent than most of the apartments in Taipei City / New Taipei City in that price range. The more I see it, the more I want to live there, but sadly they are limited to local people. I wish the Taiwanese government will consider this type of program for the foreigners; in that way, more foreigners will want to come to Taiwan. But on the other hand, I understand that there’s still a lot of Taiwanese that has a hard time living and the government must prioritize their own people. This type of program will also need a lot of funding since I guess they will not have much in return / or no profits at all.

Not long after that, we went to the basement where there is a recycling place and also parking spots. It is quite surprising to see a recycling place right there because I rarely see one.

One thing that bugs me in the basement was that there are a lot of nice/new cars in the basement. I am not sure that they will be able to afford those kinds of vehicles with low income. That makes me wonder does the developer checked on the amount of savings that the applicants have? Or just the yearly income, because it could be that they have a lot of money before quit his job or something. But again, I do not know how exactly they chose the people eligible for this program. The program should be focused on the people really in need. (*In fact, some part of the parking space is also leased out to neighboring residents.)

Nevertheless, I love the program and what it has become. It can be seen that it keeps growing, and they are developing more apartments in other areas. I hope they will continue to grow and fewer people will have difficulties in finding their dream home.

地理所　陳昀暄

以下心得為2018年12月19日參觀新北市政府城鄉發展局所規劃之中和青年住宅(下稱「中和社宅」)，為了做更多討論，也納入同年10月21日參觀臺北市政府都市發展局主辦的「2018臺北公共住宅展」(下稱「公宅展」)的心得。

在公宅展和中和社宅，都可以看到公共住宅皆強調兩點：居住品質以及社會福利。中和青年住宅結合托育中心、里民中心，從城發局演講中也聽到會辦青銀共居、青創、種菜主菜之類的活動。另外其一樓有全聯超市、警察局等。因此，對於社宅居民以及社區來說，公共住宅在這些方面應都提升了居民的生活品質。

另外，在公宅展聽時任都發局長林洲民，以及中和社宅的演講中，可以聽到我國公宅的起源。住宅不足以及房租及買賣價格過高之問題，以臺北市來說，其實有各種解決方式，包括自購住宅利息補貼、租金補貼等，與政府主導建設社會住宅，同為解決的方式之一。不過，在兩者的報告中，皆以各國（尤其強調荷蘭）社會住宅比例高至32%左右，而我國僅有0.08%，來強調我國也有蓋社會住宅的必要。但是，好像無法聽出為什麼選擇以政府出錢蓋社會住宅這個方式，而不是其他的補貼方式；也不知是否曾進行對不同方式之評估。

再者，從兩個參觀經驗中，感受到我國社會住宅的推動，似乎是以建築師主導。因此，在臺北市前都發局長以及新北市城發局人員報告中，多是強調建築本身房型及空間設計和規劃如何使用，頂多涉及周邊的綠地留多少、特別繞過老樹等。不過，不論在公宅展或是中和社宅報告，較少看到更大範圍的規劃和評估，例如本堂課所探討的運輸規劃。另外，較少看到城市整體的空間設計和規劃為何 (臺北市稍微有，圖1)，較多是口號上理念、政策式的宣導 (能提升社會福利、採用循環經濟、永續發展……等等)，不過在都市層次上，實際怎麼做看不太出來。不過，我也不知道社會住宅的建設和規劃是否應該與整體都市規劃結合，只是猜想若能有此考量，或許能將社會住宅作為都市更新和都市發展的一個推手。

圖1 公宅展中臺北都會區未來發展構想圖及說明

再來在運輸規劃方面，在公宅展，蠻少有對運輸方面著墨的，只有幾個會說明周邊交通設施 (圖2)、周邊交通動線 (圖3、圖4) 等，少數有提出對於交通問題的改善計畫 (圖5) 但似乎沒有對於會增加的旅次量進行預估，以及建了社會住宅後對原本交通的影響。在參觀中和社宅時，主要只聽到未來該社宅旁邊會有一個捷運站，但似乎沒有對整個社宅之運輸需求、是否有足夠的供給進行評估。

最後，中和社宅個人套房優惠租金每月7000元，其實在臺北市很小的套房也能到每月8000元左右，不知道這樣的品質以及租金價格，低收入戶是否能負擔。